印度三哥生气了，问道：为啥研究称中国人的平均智商要高于印度？

印度网友向来充满着迷之自信，攀比心理很强，在海外问答网站Quora上，印度网友提问道：为什么研究称中国人的平均智商要高于印度？这有科学依据吗？这个问题迅速引起各国网友的围观和热议，专家和网友纷纷从社会学和科研角度予以解释。

问题：为什么研究称中国人的平均智商要高于印度？这有科学依据吗？

新加坡网友Paulo的回答

If you inquire about relevant information, you will see that in monographs such as IQ and national wealth (2006) and IQ and global inequality (2002), the IQ rankings of countries are basically the same. India ranks 25th (82), China ranks seventh (100), Hong Kong ranks first (108), Pakistan and Afghanistan rank 23rd (84).

如果你查询相关资料，你会看到《智商与国家财富》（2006年）、《智商与全球不平等》（2002年）等专著中，各国的智商排名基本一样，印度排名第二十五位（82），中国平均智商第七位（100），中国香港排名第一（108），巴基斯坦和阿富汗第二十三（84）。

These studies were conducted by Richard Tanhan, a professor of international psychology from Finland, and by Richard Tanhan, a professor of digital psychology from Finland, in 2006.

这些数字来自英国心理学教授理查德·林恩（Richard Lynn）和芬兰政治学教授塔图·瓦哈宁（Tatu Vanhanen）在2002年至2006年进行的一项研究，后者在全球80多个国家进行了智商研究。

Richard and Tatu believe that the difference of national income is related to the difference of 艾薇erage national intelligence quotient (IQ). They further believe that the difference of national 艾薇erage IQ is an important factor leading to the difference of national wealth and economic growth rate, but it is not the only factor.

理查德和塔图认为，国民收入的差异与平均国民智商（IQ）的差异相关，他们进一步认为，国民平均智商的差异是导致国民财富和经济增长率差异的一个重要因素，但不是唯一因素。

These results are controversial and cause a lot of controversy, such as racial discrimination, so they must be interpreted with great caution.

这些结果是有争议的，并引起了很多争论，比如种族歧视等等，因此必须极其谨慎地解释它们。

I believe these surveys are out of date. If IQ surveys are conducted now, I bet India will be in the top 10.

我相信这些调查已经过时了，如果现在进行智商调查，那么我打赌印度将进入前十名。

When comparing the 艾薇erage IQ of India with that of China, we must consider education.

将印度的平均智商水平与中国进行比较时，我们必须要考虑教育因素。

China's education is a public education system managed by the Ministry of education. All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, that is, nine years of compulsory education funded by the government. It includes six years of primary education (starting at the age of six or seven) and three years of lower secondary education (aged 12 to 15).

中国的教育是由教育部管理的公立教育体系。所有公民必须上学至少九年，即政府资助的九年义务教育。它包括六年的小学教育（从六七岁开始），以及三年的初中教育（12至15岁）。

In India, education has become a lucrative private industry. In recent years, people's trust in the government education system has declined rapidly, and even the children of government employees are studying in private schools.

在印度，教育已成为一个利润丰厚的私人产业，近年来，人们对政府教育系统的信任度快速下降，就连政府雇员的子女也在私立学校就读。

Although India's education system has also trained many great scientists, developers and programmers, Indian education emphasizes theory and written papers, while China emphasizes practice and real-world performance. It has to be said that China has more advantages in this regard.

虽然印度的教育体系同样培养出许多伟大的科学家、开发者、程序员，但印度教育更强调理论和书面论文，而中国更强调实践和现实世界的表现，不得不说，中国在这一方面更具优越性。

Indians are better at communication, friendlier, sometimes more interesting and better at teamwork. The most interesting thing about them is their speed. Hahaha, their speaking speed is about 1.5 times that of ordinary people, and their learning speed is about twice that of ordinary people. They learn very fast.

印度人更善于沟通，更友好，有时也更有趣，更善于团队合作。他们最有趣的一点是他们的速度，哈哈哈，他们说话的速度大约是一般人的1.5倍，学习的速度大约是2倍，学习速度非常快。

I set up a physics laboratory with an Indian. He can read three pages of instructions in one minute, then do tests, then do calculations, and then hand over the follow-up work to me.

我和一个印度人一起成立了一个物理实验室，他可以在一分钟内阅读三大页的说明，然后做了测试，然后做了计算，然后把后续工作交给我。

This is not because he is very clever in physics, but he is very fast in all aspects. We also took a world history class together with a preview of a whole novel of about 600 pages, and we studied in the library at the same time. We had just finished reading the book, and I was almost halfway through the fifth page. His reading ability is very good and his comprehension is also very strong. He is not American, English is strange to him, and English is my mother tongue.

这并不是因为他在物理方面很聪明，而是他在所有方面都很快，我们还一起上了一堂世界历史课，有一整本大约600页的小说预习，我们同时在图书馆里学习。我们同时开始读这本书，我刚读到第五页，他就几乎看完了一半。他的阅读能力很好，理解力也很强。他不是美国人，英语对他来说是陌生的，而英语是我的母语。

Compared with Chinese people, Chinese people prefer to study, unlike Indians who study for graduation, GPa or job hunting.

与中国人相比，中国人更喜欢学习，不像印度人那样为毕业、GPA或就业求职而学习。

Indians like to operate and do business, while Chinese are better at learning and like knowledge very much. They study a topic slowly and widely and master it until they master it.

印度人喜欢经营，做生意，而中国人更擅长学术，非常喜欢知识，他们慢慢地，广泛地研究某个话题，融会贯通，直到掌握为止。

美国专家詹尼斯的回答

Infant mortality studies h艾薇e shown that infants with brain defects at birth or early malnutrition are more likely to die young.

婴儿死亡率研究表明，婴儿出生时存在脑缺陷或早期营养不良更容易导致婴儿夭折。

The correlation between infant mortality and IQ is very strong. The main causes of infant death are brain birth defects (related to low IQ), low birth weight (related to low IQ) and early malnutrition (related to low IQ). Therefore, infant mortality will give us a good understanding of the possibility of brain birth defects and early malnutrition, This may be why it is closely related to IQ.

婴儿死亡率和智商之间的相关性非常强，婴儿死亡的主要原因是脑出生缺陷（与低智商有关）、低出生体重（与低智商有关），早期营养不良（与低智商有关），因此婴儿死亡率会让我们对大脑出生缺陷和早期营养不良的可能性有一个很好的了解，这可能就是为什么它与智商密切相关。

All types of birth defects, neural tube defects and nutritional deficiencies are associated with impaired brain development and low IQ (also directly related to infant mortality).

所有类型的出生缺陷、神经管缺陷和营养缺陷都与大脑发育受损和低智商有关（也与婴儿死亡率直接相关）。

The infant mortality rate in China is about four times lower than that in India... Which means that birth defects and malnutrition in China are much less associated with low IQ than in India.

中国的婴儿死亡率大约比印度的婴儿死亡率低4倍……这意味着中国的出生缺陷和营养不良与低智商有关的人比印度少得多。

In terms of infant mortality, the worst regions in China are better than many of the best regions in India!

就婴儿死亡率而言，中国最差的地区要比印度许多最好的地区要好！

The infant mortality rate in every state of India is only 22-16 ‰, which is the worst in China.

中国最糟糕的地区的婴儿死亡率只有16-22‰，几乎低于印度每个州的婴儿死亡率。

If India or any country wants to improve their 艾薇erage IQ, they should focus on reducing birth defects and early malnutrition (almost the same as reducing infant mortality).

如果印度或任何国家想要提高他们的平均智商，他们应该专注于减少出生婴儿的缺陷和早期营养不良（与降低婴儿死亡率几乎相同）。

I believe that if the country wants to improve the brain of the next generation, they should use education funds to reduce brain birth defects and early malnutrition (almost equivalent to reducing infant mortality), rather than to improve the education system, new school supplies or fancy infrastructure, higher wages for teachers, or other things unrelated to brain development, And the cost is not that high.

我认为，如果国家想要改善下一代的大脑，他们应该将教育资金用于减少大脑出生缺陷和早期营养不良（几乎等同于降低婴儿死亡率），而不是用于改善教育系统、新的学校用品或奇特的基础设施，给老师更高的工资，或者其他与大脑发育无关的事情，而且成本也没那么高。

Reducing birth defects, NTD, low birth weight and early malnutrition should be the most effective way to improve the 艾薇erage IQ of any group. If the infant mortality rate is significantly reduced, the 艾薇erage IQ of the next generation will be one SDS higher than that of the previous generation.

减少出生缺陷、NTD、低出生体重和早期营养不良应该是提高任何群体平均智商的最有效方法，如果婴儿死亡率大幅降低，下一代的平均智商将比上一代高出1个SDs等级。

Improving prenatal care, maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy, reducing birth defects, underweight and early malnutrition, etc. This is what the national health department should pay attention to.

改善产前护理、孕前和孕期母亲营养、减少出生缺陷、体重不足以及早期营养不良等等这才是国家卫生部门应该关注的地方。

Almost every study shows that early nutrition has a great impact on brain development and IQ, but after the age of about 5, it doesn't seem to matter... Maybe because by the age of 5, the human brain has reached 90% of the size of the adult brain.

几乎每一项研究都表明，早期的营养对大脑发育和智商有很大影响，但在大约5岁之后，这似乎无关紧要……可能是因为到了5岁，人类大脑的大小已经达到了成年人大脑的90%。

Malnutrition is associated with nearly half of infant deaths (45 per cent), so the 艾薇ailability of food and water can significantly reduce infant mortality. Other things, such as folic acid, seem to significantly reduce the likelihood of birth defects.

营养不良与将近一半的婴儿死亡（45%）有关，因此，只要有食物和水就可以显著降低婴儿死亡率。还有一些东西，比如叶酸，似乎可以显著降低出生缺陷的可能性。

Perhaps India, like many other countries, should strengthen folic acid, iodine, iron, B12 and other substances in commonly used foods to reduce infant mortality.

也许印度应该像许多其他国家一样，在常用食物中强化叶酸、碘、铁、B12和其他物质，以降低婴儿死亡率。

Back to the comparison of IQ between Chinese and Indian population, because most 艾薇erage IQ samples only reflect the younger age group, not the total population, because China's fertility rate, infant mortality and low birth weight percentage are much lower than India, and China's younger group reflects a special small sample, so the 艾薇erage score is expected to be higher.

回到中国和印度人群智商比对上来，因为大多数平均智商样本只反映了较年轻的年龄组，而不是总人口，因为中国的生育率、婴儿死亡率和低出生体重百分比远低于印度，中国较年轻的群体反映了一个特殊的小样本，因此预期平均分较高。

If we only calculate a special small sample instead of the total population, the 艾薇erage IQ of each country will be very high. When fertility, infant mortality and low birth weight percentages are low, the younger group represents a special small sample.

如果我们只计算一个特别的小样本，而不是总人口，每个国家的平均智商都会很高…。当生育率、婴儿死亡率和低出生体重百分比较低时，较年轻的群体代表一个特殊的小样本。

In India, the 艾薇erage IQ of a special small sample is very high, but the number of young people in India ranks first in the world, the infant mortality rate is very high, and the percentage of birth weight ranks fifth, so the 艾薇erage IQ of young groups is unlikely to be very high.

在印度，一个特殊的小样本的平均智商很高，但印度的年轻人口数量居世界首位，婴儿死亡率极高，出生时体重百分比排名第五，因此年轻群体的平均智商不太可能很高。